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Frederick Douglass, ca. 1879. African American topics History African American history African American military history Atlantic slave trade Jim Crow laws Civil Rights Religions Christian Churches Rasta  ·  Black Jews Black Hebrew Israelites Nation of Islam  ·  Santería Doctrine of Father fredrick douglass Divine Political movements Civil Rights (1896 to 1954) Civil Rights (1955 to frederick douglas 1968) Garveyism  ·  Black nationalism Black populism African American leftism Black conservatism Reparations Organizations African American rights groups ASALH  ·  UNCF NPHC · Links ·  Negro League (baseball) Academics Literature  ·  Studies Art  ·  Music  ·  Culture Contemporary issues HBCU Languages AAVE  ·  Gullah  ·  Creole Lists African Americans Landmark legislation Related topics This box: view • talk • edit Frederick Douglass (February freddrick douglass 14[1], 1818 – February 20, 1895) was an American abolitionist, editor, orator, author, statesman frederrick douglass and reformer. Called "The Sage of Anacostia" and "The Lion of Anacostia," Douglass was one of the most prominent figures of African American history during his frederick douglasss time, and one of the most influential lecturers and frderick douglass authors in American history. Contents 1 Early life 2 Career 2.1 Abolitionist Activities 2.2 Autobiography 2.3 Travels to Europe 2.4 Pre-Civil frederck douglass War 2.5 Lincoln's Death 2.6 The Reconstruction era 3 Later ffrederick douglass life 3.1 Death 4 Douglass' works 5 Famous quotes 6 Fictional appearance 7 See also 8 Notes 9 References 10 Further frederic douglass reading 11 External links Early life Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, who frederick doglass later became known as Frederick Douglass, was born a slave in Talbot fredderick douglass County, Maryland near Hillsboro. He was separated from his mother, Harriet Bailey, when he was still an infant. She died when Douglass was about seven years old. The identity fredeerick douglass of Douglass' father is obscure; Douglass originally stated that his father was a white man, perhaps his master, Captain Aaron Anthony, but later said that he knew nothing of his father's identity. frederik douglass When Anthony died, Douglass was given to Mrs. Lucretia Auld, wife of Captain Thomas Auld. Mrs. Auld then sent frederick dougless Douglass to Baltimore to serve the Captain's brother, Hugh Auld. When Douglass was about twelve, Hugh Auld's wife, Sophia, broke the law by teaching Douglass some letters of the alphabet. Thereafter, as detailed in his Narrative of frederick ddouglass the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave (published in fredeick douglass 1845), Douglass succeeded in learning to read from white children in the neighborhood in which he lived, and by observation frederick douglass of writings of the men with whom he worked. Douglass later referred to the lessons he received from Sophia Auld in his first abolitionist speech. biography frederick douglass In 1833, Auld sent him to work for Edward Covey, a poor farmer who had a reputation as a "slave-breaker," where he was whipped regularly. In 1837, Douglass met Anna Murray, a free African-American, in Baltimore while he was still held in slavery. They were married soon after he frederick douglass - learning to read and write obtained his famous frederick douglass freedom; Douglass escaped slavery on September 3, 1838 boarding a train to Havre de Grace, Maryland dressed in a sailor's uniform and carrying identification papers provided by a free black seaman. After crossing the Susquehanna River by ferry boat at Havre de Grace, Douglass continued narrative of the life of frederick douglass by train to Wilmington, Delaware. From there Douglass went by steamboat to "Quaker City"—Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. His escape to freedom eventually led him to New life history frederick douglass York, the entire journey taking less than twenty-four hours. Career Abolitionist Activities Douglass joined various organizations personal reactions to writings of frederick douglass in New Bedford, Massachusetts, including a black church, and regularly attended Abolitionist meetings. He subscribed to William Lloyd Garrison's weekly journal, The Liberator, and the life and times of frederick douglass in 1841, he heard Garrison speak at the Bristol Anti-Slavery Society's annual meeting. Douglass was inspired biography of frederick douglass by Garrison, later stating, "no face and form ever impressed me with such sentiments (the hatred of slavery) as did those of William Lloyd Garrison." Garrison compare ben franklin and frederick douglass was likewise impressed with Douglass, and mentioned him in the 'Liberator'. Several days later, Douglass gave his first speech at the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society's annual convention in Nantucket. Twenty-three years old at the time, Douglass later said that his legs were critics of frederick douglass shaking. He conquered his nervousness and gave an eloquent speech about his life as a slave and his rough life. In 1843, Douglass participated in the American Anti-Slavery Society's Hundred Conventions project, a frederick douglass music boxes six month tour of meeting halls throughout the east and middle west of the United States. He participated in the Seneca Falls Convention, the birthplace frederick douglass timeline of the American feminist movement, and was a signatory of its history of frederick douglass Declaration of Sentiments. Douglass later became the publisher of a series of newspapers: North Star, Frederick Douglass Weekly, Frederick Douglass' Paper, Douglass' Monthly and New National Era. The motto of The North Star was "Right frederick douglass and slavery is of no sex--Truth is of no color--God is the Father frederick douglass academy of us all, and we are all Brethren". Douglass' work spanned the years prior to and during the Civil War. He was acquainted frederick douglass class of 1996 high school reunion with the radical abolitionist Captain John Brown but did not approve of Brown's plan to start an armed slave revolt. However, Brown visited Douglass' home for several days shortly before the Harpers Ferry incident, in which Brown attacked the federal the frederick douglass autobiography Arsenal there. After the incident, Douglass fled for a time to Canada, fearing he might be arrested as a co-conspirator. Douglass believed that the attack on federal property would education frederick douglass enrage the American public. Douglass would later share a stage in Harpers Ferry with Andrew Hunter, the prosecutor who successfully convicted Brown. Douglass conferred frederick douglass high school with President Abraham Lincoln in 1863 on the treatment of black soldiers, and with President Andrew Johnson on the subject of black suffrage. His portrait of frederick douglass early collaborators were the white abolitionists William Lloyd Garrison and Wendell quotes, frederick douglass Phillips. In the early 1850's, however, Douglass split with the Garrisonians over the issue of the United States Constitution. Douglass had five children; two of them, Charles and Rossetta, helped produce his newspapers. Douglass was an ordained minister of the African Methodist Episcopal analysis frederick douglass Church. Autobiography Douglass' most well-known work is his autobiography, frederick douglass high school atlanta ga dr hill Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, which was published in 1845. Critics frequently attacked the book as inauthentic, not believing that a black man could possibly have produced so eloquent a piece of literature. The book was an immediate bestseller frederick douglass papers and received overwhelmingly positive critical reviews. Within three years of its publication, it had been reprinted nine times with 11,000 copies circulating in the United States; it frederick douglass quotes was also translated into the French and Dutch languages. The book's success had the narrative of the life of frederick douglass an unfortunate side effect: his friends and mentors feared that the publicity would draw the attention of his ex-owner, Hugh Auld, who could try to autobiography of frederick douglass get his "property" back. They encouraged him to go on a tour in Ireland, as many other ex-slaves had done in the comparison frederick douglass vs harriet jacobs past. He set sail on the Cambria for Liverpool on August 16, 1845, and arrived in Ireland when the Irish famine was just education advocates frederick douglass beginning. Travels to Europe Mural featuring Frederick Douglass in Belfast, Northern Ireland Douglass spent two years in the British Isles and gave several lectures, mainly in Protestant churches. He remarked that frederick douglass high school alumni there he was treated not "as a color, but as a man." He met and befriended the frederick douglass high school marching astros Irish nationalist Daniel O'Connell. When Douglass visited Scotland, the members of the Free Church of Scotland, whom he had criticized for accepting money from frederick douglass national freedom day and baltimore U.S. slave-owners, demonstrated against him with placards that read, "Send back the nigger". Douglass was able to win back his freedom after British sympathizers paid the slaveholder who legally still owned him. Pre-Civil War In 1851, learning to read and write by frederick douglass Douglass merged the North Star with Gerrit Smith's Liberty Party Paper to form Frederick Douglass' Paper, which was narrative of frederick douglass published until 1860. Douglass came to agree with Smith and Lysander Spooner that the United States Constitution is pictures of frederick douglass an anti-slavery document, reversing his earlier belief that it was pro-slavery, a view he had shared with William Lloyd Garrison. Garrison had publicly demonstrated his opinion of the Constitution by burning copies slavery state of mind frederick douglass of it. Douglass' change of position on the Constitution was one of the most notable incidents of a division that emerged in the abolitionist movement after the publication of Spooner's book The Unconstitutionality of Slavery in accomplishments for frederick douglass 1846. This shift in opinion, as well as some other political differences, created a rift buy the book narrative of the life of frederick douglass between Douglass and Garrison. Douglass further angered Garrison by saying that the Constitution could and should be used as an instrument in the fight against criticism on frederick douglass slavery. With this, Douglass began to assert his independence from the Garrisonians. Garrison saw the North Star as being in competition with the National Anti-Slavery Standard and Marius Robinson's Anti-slavery Bugle. In March 1860, Annie, Douglass' youngest death frederick douglass daughter, died in Rochester, New frederick douglass high school in md York, while he was still in England. Douglass returned from England the following month, taking the route through Canada to avoid detection. By the time of the Civil War, Douglass was one of frederick douglass maryland high school football history the most famous black men in the country, known for his oratories on the condition of the black race, and other issues such as women's rights. Lincoln's Death At Abraham Lincoln's memorial, Douglass was in the frederick douglass narritive audience as a tribute to Lincoln was being given by a prominent lawyer at the time. The frederick douglass picks tribute was not as successful as some of the audience there would have hoped. Reluctantly, frederick douglass puzzles Douglass was goaded by the people to stand up and speak. At first out of respect for the speaker he declined but eventually he gave into the pressure and with no preparation he gave a fantastic tribute to the President for which he had so much respect. frederick douglass quotables The crowd, roused by his speech, gave him a standing ovation. A witness later frederick douglass speeches said: "I have heard Clay speak and many fantastic men, but never have I heard a speech as impressive as that." Whilst this is anecdotal, it is a commonly accepted frederick douglass timeline of his life fact that Lincoln's wife gave Douglass Lincoln's favorite walking stick which to this day resides in Cedar Lodge. This is both a testimony to the frederick douglass what made him famous success of Douglass' tribute to Lincoln and also to the effect and influence frederick douglass wordsearch of his powerful oratory. The Reconstruction era Douglass' house in Washington, D.C. After the Civil War, Douglass held a number of important political frederick douglass writing style positions. He served as President of the Reconstruction-era Freedman's Savings Bank; as marshal of the District of Columbia; as minister-resident and consul-general to the Republic of Haiti (1889–1891); and as chargé d'affaires for Saint Domingue. After two years, frederick douglass you must certainly work he resigned from his ambassadorship due to disagreements with U.S. government policy. In 1872, he moved to Washington, D.C. after his house on South Avenue in Rochester, New honors for frederick douglass York burned down — arson was suspected. Also lost was a learning to read and write essay. frederick douglass complete issue of The North Star. In 1868, Douglass supported the presidential campaign of Ulysses S. Grant. The Klan Act and the Enforcement Act were signed into law by President Grant. Grant summary of frederick douglass used their provisions vigorously, suspending habeas corpus in South Carolina and sending troops there and into other states; under his leadership, over 5,000 arrests were made and the Ku Klux Klan timeline for frederick douglass was dealt a serious blow. Grant's vigor in disrupting the Klan made him unpopular among many whites, but Frederick Douglass praised him. An associate timeline of frederick douglass of Douglass wrote of Grant that African Americans "will ever cherish a grateful remembrance of his name, fame and great services." In 1872, he became the first African American to receive a activities for frederick douglass nomination for archaeology and frederick douglass Vice President of the United States, having been nominated to be Victoria Woodhull's running mate on the Equal Rights Party ticket without his knowledge. During the campaign, he neither campaigned for the ticket nor even acknowledged that he had been nominated. Douglass spoke at many schools around the country arguments about frederick douglass in the Reconstruction era, including Bates College in Lewiston, Maine in 1873 Later life In 1877, Frederick awards for frederick douglass Douglass purchased his final home in Washington D.C., on the banks of the Anacostia River. He named it Cedar Hill (also connection between samuel clemmons and frederick douglass spelled CedarHill). He expanded the house from 14 to 21 rooms and included a china closet. One year later, essay narrative of the life of frederick douglass Douglass expanded his property to 15 acres (61,000 m²), with the purchase of adjoining lots. The home is now the location of the Frederick Douglass frederick a douglass class of 96 high school reunion in National Historic Site. Frederick Douglass After the disappointments of Reconstruction, many African Americans called Exodusters moved to Kansas to form all-black towns. Douglass spoke out against the movement, urging blacks to stick it out. frederick douglass + education quotes He was condemned and booed by black audiences. In 1877, Douglass was appointed a United frederick douglass -- images States Marshal. In 1881, he was appointed Recorder of Deeds for the District of Columbia. His wife (Anna Murray Douglas) died in 1882, leaving him in a state of depression. His association frederick douglass abolition with the activist Ida B. Wells brought meaning back into his life. In 1884, Douglass married Helen Pitts, a white feminist from Honeoye, frederick douglass academy alumni New York. Pitts was the daughter of Gideon Pitts, Jr., an abolitionist colleague and friend of Douglass. A graduate of Mount Holyoke College (at that time Mount Holyoke Female Seminary), Pitts frederick douglass academy california had worked on a radical frederick douglass academy high school feminist publication named Alpha while living in Washington, D.C.. Frederick and Helen Pitts Douglass faced a storm of controversy as a result of their marriage, since she was a white woman and nearly 20 years frederick douglass academy schools california younger than he. Both families recoiled; hers stopped speaking to her; his was bruised, as they felt his marriage was a repudiation of their mother. But individualist feminist Elizabeth Cady Stanton congratulated the two.[2] The new frederick douglass and learning to read and write couple traveled to England, France, Italy, Egypt and Greece from 1886 to frederick douglass and oppression 1887. In later life, Douglass was determined to ascertain his birthday. He was born in February of 1816 by frederick douglass autobiography his own calculations, but historians have found a record indicating his birth in February of 1818. In 1892 the Haitian government appointed Douglass as its commissioner to the Chicago World's frederick douglass bailey Columbian Exposition. He spoke for Irish Home Rule and on the efforts of Charles Stewart Parnell. He briefly revisited Ireland in 1886. Death On February 20, 1895, Douglass attended frederick douglass beaten for reading a meeting of the National Council of Women in Washington, D.C. During that meeting, he was brought to the platform and given a standing ovation by the audience. Shortly after he returned home, Frederick Douglass died of a massive heart attack frederick douglass books or stroke in his adopted hometown of Washington D.C. He is buried in Mount Hope Cemetery in Rochester, NY. Douglass' frederick douglass by robert haydn works A Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave (1845) "The Heroic Slave." Autographs for Freedom. Ed. Julia Griffiths Boston: Jewett and Company, 1853. 174-239. My Bondage and My Freedom (1855) Life and frederick douglass heroism Times of Frederick Douglass (1892) Douglass also edited the abolitionist newspaper The North Star from frederick douglass high school in maryland 1847 to 1851; The North Star was merged with another paper and became Frederick Douglass’ Paper.hi Famous quotes "I am a Republican, a black, dyed in the wool Republican, and I never intend to frederick douglass history belong to any other party than the party frederick douglass isaac myers maritime park of freedom and progress."[1] "Those who profess to favor freedom and yet depreciate agitation, are men who want crops without plowing up the ground, they want rain without thunder and frederick douglass narrative lightning. They want the ocean without the roar of its many waters." "To make a contented slave it is necessary to make a thoughtless one. It is necessary to darken the moral and mental vision and, frederick douglass quotations as far as possible, to annihilate the power of reason." "I assert most unhesitatingly, that the religion of the South is frederick douglass vs. harriet jacobs a mere covering for the most horrid crimes - a justifier of the most appalling barbarity, a sanctifier of the most hateful frauds, and a dark shelter under which the darkest, foulest, grossest, and most how did frederick bailey become frederick douglass infernal deeds of slaveholders find the strongest protection." "Without struggle, there is no progress." Fictional appearance Frederick Douglass how did frederick douglass learn how to read is a major character in the alternate history novel How Few Remain by Harry Turtledove. In the 2004 mockumentary learning to read and write frederick douglass C.S.A.: The Confederate States of America, Douglass makes an appearance in the film after the Confederacy wins the Civil War. See also List of African-American abolitionists Slave narrative African American literature Self-Made Men (Frederick Douglass) The Columbian Orator Notes Parts of this article are drawn from Houston life of frederick douglass A. Baker, Jr., introduction to the 1986 Penguin edition of Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. References ^ His narrative of the life of frederick douglass time period exact birthday was never recorded, but he selected February 14 to celebrate narrative of the life of frederick douglass wikipedia it. ^ Frederick Douglas biography at winningthevote.org. Accessed October 3, 2006. Further reading Scholarship Foner, Philip Sheldon. The Life and Writings of Frederick Douglass. New York: International Publishers, 1950. Huggins, Nathan Irvin, and Oscar Handlin. Slave and picture of frederick douglass Citizen: The Life of Frederick Douglass. Library of American Biography. quotes from narrative of the life of frederick douglass Boston: Little, Brown, 1980. ISBN Lampe, Gregory P. Frederick Douglass: Freedom's Voice,. Rhetoric and Public Affairs Series. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1998. ISBN-X (alk. paper) ISBN (pbk. alk. paper) (on his oratory) Levine, Robert S. Martin Delany, short biography of frederick douglass Frederick Douglass, and the Politics of Representative Identity. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1997. ISBN (alk. paper). ISBN (pbk.: alk. paper) (cultural history) McFeely, William S. Frederick Douglass. New York: Norton, 1991. slavery mental freedom frederick douglass ISBN Quarles, Benjamin. Frederick Douglass. Washington: Associated Publishers, 1948. Wesley, Charles H., The History of Alpha Phi Alpha, A Development in College Life, Chicago, Foundation Publishers, 1981. For Young the lesson of the hour frederick douglass Readers Miller, William. Frederick Douglass: The Last Day of Slavery. Illus. by Cedric Lucas. Lee & Low Books, 1995. ISBN. Weidt, Maryann N. Voice of Freedom: a Story the life of frederick douglass about Frederick Douglass. Illus. by Jeni Reeves. Lerner Publications, 2001. ISBN. Editions of Douglass' the narative of the life of frederick douglass work Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass: Authoritative Text, Contexts, Criticism. 1845. Eds. William L Andrews and William S McFeely. A Norton what to slavery is the fourth of july frederick douglass critical edition. New York: W.W. Norton & Co, 1996. ISBN (pbk.) Douglass, Frederick. Autobiographies. Notes by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. The Library of America; 68. New York: Library of America, 1994. ISBN (alk. what was frederick douglass have a nickname paper) Douglass, Frederick. Frederick Douglass: Selected Speeches and Writings. Ed by Philip Sheldon Foner, and Yuval Taylor. The Library of Black where did frederick douglass live America. 1st ed. Chicago: Lawrence Hill Books, 1999. ISBN (cloth), ISBN (pbk.) Documentary Films Frederick Douglass [videorecording] / produced by Greystone Communications, Inc. for A&E Network ; executive producers, Craig Haffner and Donna E. Lusitana.; 1997 Frederick Douglass: when the lion wrote history [videorecording] / a co-production of ROJA Productions and WETA-TV ; produced and directed by Orlando Bagwell ; narration written by Steve Fayer.; c1994 Frederick Douglass, abolitionist editor [videorecording] / a production of Schlessinger Video Productions, a division of Library Video Company ; produced and directed by Rhonda Fabian, Jerry Baber ; script, Amy A. Tiehel Race to freedom [videorecording] : the story of the underground railroad / an Atlantis Films Limited production in association with United Image Entertainment; produced in association with the Family Channel (US), Black Entertainment Television and CTV Television Network, Ltd. ; produced with the participation of Telefilm Canada, Ontario Film Development Corporation and with the assistance of Rogers Telefund ; distributed by Xenon Pictures ; executive producers, Seaton McLean, Tim Reid ; co-executive producers, Peter Sussman, Anne Marie La Traverse ; supervising producer, Mary Kahn ; producers, Daphne Ballon, Brian Parker ; directed by Don McBrearty ; teleplay by Diana Braithwaite, Nancy Trites Botkin, Peter Mohan. Publisher Santa Monica, CA : Xenon Pictures, Inc., 2001. Tim Reid as Frederick Douglass. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Frederick Douglass Wikisource has original works written by or about: Frederick Douglass Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Frederick Douglass Douglass' works online Works by Frederick Douglass at Project Gutenberg Extensive summary, analysis, and important quotes from "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass" Online Books Page (University of Pennsylvania) Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass at Project Gutenberg. Audio book of The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass at FreeAudio.org. The Heroic Slave at the Documenting the American South website. My Bondage and My Freedom at Project Gutenberg. Collected Articles Of Frederick Douglass, A Slave (Project Gutenberg) Fourth of July Speech The Louverture Project: Frederick Douglass lecture on Haiti - Given at the World's Fair in Chicago, January 1893. Biographical information Frederick Douglass (American Memory, Library of Congress) Includes timeline. Timeline of Frederick Douglass and family Frederick Douglas Timeline Read more about Frederick Douglass Frederick Douglass NHS - Douglass' Life Frederick Douglass NHS - Cedar Hill National Park Service site Frederick Douglass Western New York Suffragists Mr. Lincoln and Freedom: Frederick Douglass Mr. Lincoln's White House: Frederick Douglass Memorials to Frederick Douglass Frederick Douglas National Historic Site - The Growlery, Views from Cedar Hill, Information Center Cultural Tourism DC - African American Heritage Trail Frederick Douglass Gardens at Cedar Hill Frederick Douglass Gardens development & maintenance organization The Frederick Douglass Prize A national book prize sponsored by The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History and The Gilder Lehrman Center for the Study of Slavery, Resistance and Abolition Search Term: "Frederick_Douglass" Categories: African Americans | African American writers | African Americans' rights activists | American abolitionists | American slaves | United States vice-presidential candidates | American autodidacts | American Methodists | Rhetoricians | Alpha Phi Alpha brothers | People from Rochester, New York | People from Baltimore | People from Maryland | Talbot County, Maryland | Deaths from cardiovascular disease | 1818 births | 1895 deaths